Race Relations in the United States

Introduction Race relations in the United States reflects the colonial and slave era when discrimination against some races was prevalent. The issue of prejudice against Native Americans, Asian Americans, Latin Americans, and African Americans has taken place over the years.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Race Relations in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marginalized groups do not exercise their basic rights, which include civil, social, economic, and political rights. Since the constitution of the United States has robust provisions that protect human rights, the criminal justice system and human rights activists use them in reducing the prevalence of racial discrimination. The minority groups such as the Black Americans have endured racial discrimination since the period of slavery. However, the society has not embraced the racial equality as a way of life, even when the Black Ameri can president is in power. Racial discrimination reflects itself on diverse socioeconomic arenas such as workplace, education, and the political realm in the United States. Race relations encompass the way people of different races and cultural backgrounds relate in a community. Therefore, the term paper examines the occurrence of racial discriminations in the United States by examining how different races interact in the labor market, education sector, judicial system, housing sector, and fashion industry. Racial Discriminations in Labor Market In the employment, discrimination has been visible in the past few decades as some companies could openly indicate that they do not employ the Blacks. In the United States, the chances of a White American to get employment are higher than that of an African American, an Asian, or a Latino owing to racial discrimination. The labor market tends to experience a considerable racial prejudice. The marginalized groups face racial and sexual harass ment as illustrated by a recent case where McDonald’s workers filed a case of racial discrimination and sexual harassment.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most industries fired the Black employees from their jobs with the claim that they do not fit the profile of a specific work environment. Supervisors also insult their employees using words such as ghetto, nigger, and coolie, as in the case of McDonald restaurant, where the supervisors allegedly abused their employees with reference to their skin color and their origin. However, no one seems to take serious legal action against these supervisors even when the employees report them to the corporate offices. The management explicitly writes the company’s core values that embrace diversity and equal treatment, but in most cases, the leadership team fails to implement them. In the labor market, race discriminati on is also evident in promotion, payment, and work motivation allowances. In 2012, a case of discrimination came to the fore when African American employees accused the United Air Lines of discriminating against them in the aspect of promotion. White American employers deny them the right to job promotions, regardless of their enhanced skills, increased job productivity, and their work experience. The stereotypical norms against their skin color and race deny them the opportunity to compete for higher positions. Actually, discriminated employees earn lower salaries than their White American co-workers do. Hence, the Blacks are prone to discrimination in their workplaces despite their noticeable performance. However, bosses perceive the Blacks as low class citizens; hence, they find it appropriate to violate their employment rights. Racial Discrimination in Education Sector In education sector, racial discrimination is also prevalent, as the Black students initially could not study i n the same school as White American students. Over the years, the situation has changed and the government has ordered the schools to integrate all races. Nevertheless, the discrimination continued in those schools.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Race Relations in the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The disciplinary department gives the Black American students longer detention and severe punishment than the White American students. According to a survey done in 2011-2012 by the United States Education Department, the Black students receive more suspensions than the White students do in public schools. The administration has stereotyped that marginalized groups are prone to riot and their moral values are always in question. The access to veteran teachers is more available to the White students than it is to the Black students. The minority students suffer social and psychological trauma, whi ch affect their learning process and performance in classrooms. Race Relations in Fashion Industry The racial discrimination in the fashion industry is still present in the United States. Statistics show that the Black models in the United States have dropped drastically in a period of one year. Women with black pigmentation have minimal chances of enrolling in the fashion and design company. The advertising clients do not consider the Black women since they believe that the Black people are not attractive. For example, The Times Sunday Magazine in the New York has a lower percentage of the Black models compared to the White models because the clients find them unmarketable. Through observation, most photos in a runway indicate that the minority races are under-represented. Some of the minority supermodels of all time are Iman, Tyra, and Naomi Campbell. However, since the departure of Tyra and Iman, race inequality in the fashion industry is still high. Race Relations in Housing Rac e discrimination in the housing industry started after the abolition of slavery and has continued until today. The constitution fights against housing discrimination, but it is still prevalent in most areas. The discrimination is evident in the housing sector as renting, buying, selling, and financing houses have racial orientation.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Prejudice against Hispanics, Asians, and Blacks seeking for housing is evident today. A national study commissioned by the department of housing in 2013 illustrates that minority customers have a lower probability of getting a house than the Whites with equal qualifications. The study points out that minority citizen are victims of racial discrimination in the housing industry. Mostly they get low class houses that are far away from schools and have no access to essential amenities. Most of the local governments violate the Housing Act by failing to grant the minority citizens the right to housing and permits. Racial Discrimination in Judicial System Racial discrimination in the judicial system is also prevalent in the United States as the Latinos, Asians, Africans, African Americans, Native Americans, and other minority groups find the judicial system as unfair in its dealings. The local police department tends to subdue the minority people and keep them in custody on minor crimes. The judicial system views the marginalized communities as gangster groups, which host dangerous elements in the community. This stereotype makes the Native Americans and other minorities subject to the unfair judicial system through the police department. The system does not follow up on violation of the minority rights. The power structure that the White people dominate does not consider the minority groups, who experience discrimination. The law is explicit in its provisions, but stereotypes cloud the enforcers and hinder the administration of equality and justice. Impacts of Discrimination in the United States Race relations in the United States have a negative impact on the marginalized communities and on the government at large. The people, who face all these kinds of discrimination, have psychological trauma, cognitive disabilities, and physical infirmities because their opportunities to elevate their lives have been incapacitated. The prejudice limits their cognitive abiliti es as evident in their performance in schools and workplaces. Racial discrimination also limits their physical performance because strong judicial system does not support their determination to compete fairly in the workplace, housing industry, and other sectors. The students in high schools and institutions of higher learning are likely to perform poorly due to limited opportunities in school and unequal treatment. The minority citizens experience diverse health risks due to their overcrowding in residential areas. Racial discrimination affects the United States government negatively because unemployment of its citizens and workplace discrimination reduces productivity. Most people in the minority groups earn wages that are below the poverty level. The discrimination against the minority weakens the national development indicators of the United States. The issue depicts the United States as a violator the international human rights, which the national government has the responsibil ity of guarding. The poverty level is high among the minorities in the United States, hence, hindering efforts to eliminate poverty. The negative impacts of marginalization limit the livelihood of United States citizens and the gap will continue to enlarge between the majority and the minority. Conclusion Social relations are very important because they form the basis of our diversity. However, negative social relationships, such as racial discrimination, have detrimental effects on diversity. Establishment of social institutions offers robust strategies that aid in the elimination of racial discrimination. These strategies include public participation in formulating policies in the education sector, labor market, political arena, criminal justice system, and housing industry amongst others. Hence, the government should come up with a system of policy, formulate appropriate laws, and enforce the formatted laws efficiently through the judicial system. Moreover, the government should train and educate societies on the problems brought about by racial discrimination to eliminate the stereotypical norms of the minority groups. This term paper on Race Relations in the United States was written and submitted by user Nathalie Hawkins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Conformity essays

Conformity essays Conformity is an essential part of every culture. Its basic a likeness and understanding that can draw people together. A culture who has citizens who conform will be stronger. The regularity brings power, and stability. Because if all men are equal, then those who are together will become stronger than those alone. Conformity can be small things as simple as speaking the lands native language, or it can require more like following the laws and paying the taxes. It can even mean following a religious deity or having an arranged marriage. Its just allowing yourself to be a part of the norm. There is truth in the statement united we stand, divided we fall. Conformity is a necessary tool of all real progression. People die, and things are lost. Thats why cultures matter. Cultures have existed longer than any man can remember, and effected many. If an idea, or invention or anything else is good or substantial, it can be passed on through a culture. Cultures make it possible for the thoughts and actions of man to withstand mortality, more substantially. So by adhering to a norm or a law, you can accept the knowledge of others. By accepting and participating in a culture, you mix the ideals of others with your own, for better or worse. Its creates a never ending cycle of the growing wisdom of more than one man. By conforming, it means that mankind isnt damned to repeat itself eternally, because every man only works for himself. Our collective forms our culture, which changes with everything we do. We can grow and become greater, rather than simply existing. For as long as I can remember, Ive gone to school. School is a tool of learning, and conformity. It prepares me to go out, and work for my government. My knowledge and skill will most likely benefit my culture, which will benefit others. All children are required to go to school. This regularity of knowledge makes ...

Williams Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Williams Company - Essay Example New business direction promised opportunities for the Williams Company and resulted in high revenue growth during 1998-and 2001. An examination how strategy is formed gives useful insights into the nature of financial strategy itself. In 1999 Williams decided to list WCG (Williams Conunumcatiort Group) in initial public offering. It was made to have a major source of finance from shares came in the form of IPO that raised approximately $650 million and 5725 million raised through placements to private investors. The main problem was that Williams did not take into account rapidly changing environment of the telecommunication industry, long-term predictions as for its financial activity, and economic peculiarities of the industry. There were two main problems led into collapse: the industry suffered from over production and it could not fared well in the economic downturn. Williams took pains to improve the situation by newly issues shares of WCG equity. Again, Williams faced with the problem of indirect "credit support" WCG's debt" provided for WCG. In accordance with the legislation it was treated as "pff balance sheet," and did not appear as a liability on the firm's balance sheet. An addition to this in April, 2002 the state security started investigation process as for WCG's financial activity. Accept WCG financial problems Williams faced problems with Energy Marketing and Trading Divisions caused by the unstable market situation. Credit ratings and rising yields on the trade worsen the situation and created another problem for Williams traders which needed a credit but were unable to get it from counterparts After these nuisances, Williams developed new financial strategy based on "aggressive program of asset sales" and capital expenditure. The plan to cut investment was developed in previous years and was the promising one to help Williams to overcome financial crisis. The investment made by warren Buffin in Williams allowed Williams to achieve financial flexibility and economic stability at the middle of 2002, but did not sole the main problems. In addition, Berkshire Hathaway and Lehman Brothers offered a 900 million dollar loan to Williams, but on the strict terms. Williams financial reporting involves the collection and presentation of data for use of financial management and accounting. According to the Exhibit 2 and 3, the main financial figures of the Williams companies main positions are high in comparison with Domination Recourses, Murphy Oil, except Dynegy company. The net income of William applicable to common shares figure has the highest rate between 1999-2001. According to the financial data Williams Company has the market value on equity which increased between 1999 and 2000, but failed in 2001; only Dominion resources has the highest rate. The figures of the total assets of Williams Company show the stable growth in 1999 and 2000. Because of the crisis affected the company the level of total assets decreased 1,5% in 2001 but remains the highest in comparison with its competitors. The cash flow investment activity was $1,970M (1999), 2,337M (2000) and 3, 543M (2001). Only Dominion Resources has the high figures in 2001. It is known that EBITDA is used to analyze the profitability between companies and industries, because it eliminates the effects of financing and accounting

The importance of multicultural managemnt in hotel industry in sudan Essay

The importance of multicultural managemnt in hotel industry in sudan to sustain a competitive advantage - Essay Example Familiarity with both is essential because each has a bearing on an employee's every day behavior† (Tabije 2006, para. 1). In the study the questionnaires were two kinds they were the manager’s questionnaire and the employee’s questionnaire. The questionnaire is the method of data collection hired by the individual's researchers, and the organizations in getting the adequate information. A questionnaire consists of the series of questions, given to the chosen respondents for getting the data. In questionnaire method, we use two categories of questions such as Open ended and closed questions. These two categories of the questions are extremely diverse in nature and usage. Open ended questions are expected to obtain descriptive answers. This type of question starts with what, describe, why and how. Closed questions can be replied with a single or small phrase. Also, this type of questions can have a limited application. The samples obtained from the questionnaire we re collected and the study consists of the various sampling techniques employed for the research work. The sample in this particular portion of the survey is about population. The samples here were classified on the basis of the socio-economic characteristics of the employees in the hotel, gender, age groups, religion, language spoken, qualification, department which they belong to and the experience in the field. At times the employees filled the questionnaires partly and at times considered them an intrusion on the privacy of an individual and unwarranted for the research. Demographic Data: A number of questions were filled in the last section of the review about traits demographic individuality of the respondents, and the circumstances they lived. Behavior demographics were collected on sex, location categorization. Other information in this section was concerning industry sector of the business they work for and the volume of the company. Demographic data was unruffled on indivi dual respondents due of concern about confidentiality. Respondents by Socio-Economic Characters: As the questionnaires were two kinds one to be filled up by the mangers and the others to be filled up by the employees, the questionnaires of the mangers consisted of descriptive questions, and that of the employees consisted of the questions based on the culture,language,experience,religion,qualifications etc. The mangers were to answer based on the various facts like the affect of the culture on the work attitudes, the impact of the diversification in the workplace of the organization, usefulness of the application of the multicultural theories in suggesting the synergy of the organization and on the cultural needs and the intergration of the same. Managers require to be conscious of the two systems and their possessions. At the boundaries a strong, controlling official work system can strangle inventiveness and inspiration and a strong, insubordinate can effect in chaos and weaken an d demolish the Reliability and practical use of the administrator work system. The response for management is to struggle for an optimal point on the band at which to operate. The employee’s questionnaire was based on the job satisfaction and the employees’ perception on the hotel management culture which include the perceptions on the culture of the

Vaccinations Vs Autism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Vaccinations Vs Autism - Essay Example Actually, these kinds of cases cannot fail to promote cognitive dissonance because they only take place at crucial age after children have received vaccination. Conspiracy theories Information concerning vaccination has been highly flawed thus bringing lots of issues. Information presented to the public was just part of the issue of vaccination that involved presence of mercury in the MMR. These arguments about autism were provoked by the fact that mercury content in the MMR vaccine was a major cause of autism and other related disorders. It seems that many people are especially the public are against scientific proposal of use of vaccination as a preventive measure in controlling diseases such as measles and polio. This universal disagreement with the scientific proposal may suggest that the medical experts are involved in major conspiracy to lie to the world. According to Haydn and Cook (2010), â€Å"If one disagrees with a view held by the great majority of the world's scientists , the most common response is to assume all those scientists are involved in a vast conspiracy to deceive† (43-45). This has made many scientists to be engaged in various investigations and tests to prove or disapprove the disturbing conspiracy in their field of study. Fake Experts Many people assert that scientists are not in agreement when it comes to the relationship between vaccination and autism. Some of the statements however, have been made by scientists such as Burton yet they are fake and misleading. Many people who claim to be scientists yet they are not such as Carrey and other celebrities have come out to condemn vaccination by claiming that it causes autism. According to Haydn and Cook (2010), â€Å"The challenge, rather, appears to be how to effectively communicate this fact to policymakers and to a public that continues to mistakenly perceive† (45-47). I believe that issues concerning health should be addressed by the real experts and professionals in tho se particular areas of concern. Not all experts and scientists understand what vaccination and autism is all about and therefore should not address the issue. It is indeed hard to convince politicians and the public that vaccination does not cause autism since the opposite have been communicated to the same people by people claiming to be experts. Cherry Picking Peoples’ opinions and ideas about autism have brought major concern thus pushing scientists to carry out investigations that is aimed at testing the claims. The proof that autism is not caused by vaccination has been disapproved via many scientists consensus that even the mercury content in the vaccine do not cause autism. Scientists also proved that children develop autism at different ages after vaccination thus showing clearly that vaccination causes autism. Deniers such as Burtons have instead come up with claims that only support part of the all issue by claiming that a child developed autism immediately he was v accinated. According to Haydn and Cook (2010), â€Å"Deniers often focus on narrow pieces of data while ignoring other evidence that does not support their viewpoint†(51-53). Other people have also used cherry picking by claiming that mercury content is responsible for autism among the children. There are also other claims that the number of vaccinations has increased thus causing the rise of autism. According

Pythagoras Approach To Dualism

Pythagoras Approach To Dualism Dualism was early approached by Pythagoras in 6th Century B.C.E. Pythagoras believe on transmigration of soul-means that when a person died, the soul is immortal and bound to divide soul. However, Pythagorass theory is not likely famous during that time. Later, Plato shows the disjunctive between mind and body. Plato thinks that body is like a prison used to trap mind/soul. After death, the body decomposes because it was made of material while soul/mind is immortal. This shows that body and mind is two separated things. Dualism that famously used nowadays came from the famous philosopher and mathematician, Rene Descartes. It is also known as the beginning of modern philosophy. Rene introduced two main subjects for dualism which are substance and property. In order to understand dualism, several argument were rised.One particular argument is dualistic interactionism which known as common sense. Descartes stated the point of interaction is something connected mind/soul to body is at pineal gland of brain.However,the soul is not likely trap at pineal gland, it only act as point of interaction. Mind is real but it is different from brain. The brain is the major locus for the mind or consciousness of the soul, yet mind or consciousness is distributed throughout the whole body. But the function of pineal gland as point of interaction has been proved as wrong by scientifically method. Pineal gland function to secrete serotonin derivative melatonin(hormone use to modulate sleep and wake patterns and seasonal function).There are no evidence to associate mind/soul to body by using pineal gland. This is making interactionism as a weak argument to defend dualism. Another argument is mind is the immortal soul. Many religions like Islam and Christian teach that soul is different from our body. When we died ,the soul is immortal and will go to heaven or hell. This argument is similar to Platos approach. Thats why platonic dualism is well accepted in Christian .The third argument is ,if dualism is false, we can reduce mind/mental states to physical matter or vice versa, or to neutral third substance.However,it was impossible to change your mental states to matter. For example if we feel anger towards someone, can you made your feeling into concrete object? Of course not. Thats why this argument is commonly used to convince people about dualism.However,this argument can be critics for the lackness of imagination. In imagination we think about something then we made it into some physical things. The last argument is mental states(mind) and physical(body)have different and irreconcilable properties. First point for this judgment is mental states cannot be publically observable. For example ,I fall from stairs and hurt my head. We can see the effect of fall because the bump in my head but you cannot feel the pain I suffered. Thats why mental states are private unlike physical things such as fireworks and cannot be publically observable. Next is mental states is not spatially located .Many experiment been conducted but scientist still cannot proved where mind located ,either inside or outside of the brain. Pretending that you are feeling happy. Does you feel happy in your head or the happiness is spread throughout your body?so,where exactly your mind? Third point is mental states does not have properties as physical. As example our body has mass and can do physical motion. We cannot weigh a thought and we cannot measure how far our feeling can go. Some people stated that they h ave depthless of feeling but, how can they measure the depthness?Fourth,mental states have subjective properties(Qualia)that physical do not have. Qualia is raw feels .It is a subjective or qualitative properties of our experience. It is like how to know what is red color and what is red colour . We also need this Qualia to differentiate musical notes heard from piano or violin .Therefore, is impossible to reduced Qualia into physical properties.So there are at least four major differences between the mental and the physical, and the reason why we cannot reduce the mental to the physical. This is a good argument to show dualism as evidence of mind/body problem. In this philosophy of mind, dualism is different kinds of mental events and physical events in a set of beginning of belief in which they were claimed. Instead of that, the dualist in the philosophy of mind had identified the big difference between mind and matter. They all disagree that the mind and brain are same. While others deny that the mind is the only one product of the brain. The concept of this dualism is that our mind is more than our brain. It can contain everything in our surrounding. This concept tells us that our mind has a non-material which is spiritual dimension that includes consciousness and possibly motivated to explore surrounding. In order to understand this concept, we have to consider ourselves first as a container which is including our physical body and physical brain together with a separate non-physical mind, spirit, soul, motivation and so on. The mind, spirit, or soul is considered the conscious part that manifests itself through the brain. In a similar way where the picture and sound waves manifest themselves through a television set. These waves of picture and sound are also known as no -material just like the mind, spirit, or soul. There are many types of dualism that are compared based on the way mind and matters are thought to each other together with its own functionality. Thus, this dualism can be divided into two which is substance and property dualist. Substance dualists typically argue that there are difference matters in our mind and body where the mind is a thinking thing is less exposed to the physical of an object. The physical objects are including size, shape, location, volume, speed and direction in movement and so on. However, substance dualists fall into several groups depending on how they think the connection of mind and body are related. For instances, interactionists believe that minds and bodies can affect to each other. Occasionalists and parallelists, generally motivated by a curiosity concern of physical science. But this is denied because all apparent interaction to God is ultimately attributing.Epiphenomenalists offer a compromise theory, asserting that bodily events can have mental events as effects at the same time denying that the reverse is true. This can be done by our thought experience without following the science law. The occasionalism and parallelism are another two types of substance dualist. These th eories are largely preserved or are taken from the original of history. The occasionalist mentioned that there are no interaction between mind and body mind. For example, we put our hand above the hot kettle then the hot and uncomfortable sensation occurs. Malebranche, an occassionalists assert that the sensation is caused by God where God create appropriate experiences and feeling by using the occasion of environmental happenings. Furthermore, according to the parallelist, our mental and physical histories are coordinated so that mental events appear to cause physical events (and vice versa) by feature of their temporal joining, but there are no interaction between mind and body than two clocks that are synchronized so that the one chimes when hands of the other point out the new hour. Since this series of harmonies impossible is due to mere accident, so it is advanced in explanation of religion. In creation God does not appeared continuously, just like the occasionalist had mentioned, but it create a pre-established harmony which is we programmed ourselves that maximally removes the need for future impact. Next, another dualism is property dualism which is that mental states are misshape attributes of brain states and it holds that non-physical properties of physical substances are mental phenomena. Consciousness is the most widely known as a sample of a physical substance which is non-physical. However, other dualists hold that mental states, characteristic and episodes are brain states, even the states cannot be conceptualized in exactly the same way without loss of meaning. According to epiphenomenalism, mental events can build bodily events or processes, but bodily events or processes cannot caused by mental phenomena (McLaughlin, p. 277) whether an epiphenomenalist thinks these mental epiphenomena are the body properties or properties of a non-physical mental storage determines whether property or substance dualist is the epiphenomenalist. They are many psychology principles that had been discuss today. For example, functionalism, dualism, mongolism. All this principle had their own explanations and their own believe about the life and the things that related to life. But, for my group opinion, the most suitable and the nearest principle that can get along with life. Human body actually had two things, which is body and mind. These two things react with each other simultaneously to create the most complicated and perfect things, that is life to run smoothly. Dualism can be prove to be nearly correct because it has implications that related to life after death issues. This is because, after we die, we will going to had our life after death, and many religions in this world was practicing the same things. After we die, our soul will separated from our body, and will live the life after the death. So, the life after death is based on judgment on how we operate or run our life before. Besides that, nobody in this world can retain or can resist death. Everybody will die, and nobody had the immortal. So, this prove that dualism concept was the most or nearly precise principle that can be related to life. Apart from that, human rationality in the terms of thinking was also an implication that can be used to prove that dualism principle was true. Physical forces was something that play an importance role in peoples thought judgment. If there is no soul, instead, there is only had body, they will be no believe or not believe for something that is not real-abstract. For example, the galaxy had seven layers, and god is actually exist . On the other hand, if our body had only self-refuting left, there will be no room for rational beliefs. British study had published that there is evidence that consciousness continues after a persons brain stopped. The most shocking prove was that actually death support the dualism . The brain still run the function of lucid thought with formation and reasoning of memory. Besides, there are also patience that admit that they had gain information that they had never knew it before. Brain was also being proved that had no place where electric stimulation can cause a person to believe or decide. This was proved by doing interviewed to sixty three heart attack victims who were declared death. Roger Sperry and his team had studied difference between right and left hemisphere of the brain, and they had found that mind had causal power independent of the brain activities. This is why, materialism was concluded to be false by Sperry. Actually, thought had two components, which is mind and brain. This can be said to be true because thoughts can be true or false, however, brain states itself cannot be true or false. So, how on earth can we think in our everyday life about right or wrong? This can be the obvious prove to prove that dualism was the most precise principle exist-yet. Besides that, by measuring brain waves, nobody can tell we what we are thinking. Instead, we must been ask about what had been thinking first, then everybody will knows. That is why the dualism principle was chosen to be most or nearest precise principle that can be adapt to our life as it had two component that work and react simultaneously to complete the cycle that we called life and it was also true to be said that life or mind body actually had two component, that is body and soul.

Linux Networking Capabilities :: Essays Papers

Linux Networking Capabilities Linux is a Unix clone written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards POSIX compliance. It has all the features expected in a modern fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management and TCP/IP networking. It runs mainly on 386/486/586-based PCs, using the hardware facilities of the 386-processor family to implement these features. Ports to other architectures are underway. Linux is freely available, and no one is required to register their copies with any central authority, so it is difficult to know how many people use Linux. Several businesses are now surviving solely on selling and supporting Linux, and very few Linux users use those businesses, relatively speaking, and the Linux newsgroups are some of the most heavily read on the internet, so the number is likely in the hundreds of thousands, but hard numbers are hard to come by. Linux Features Multitasking. Several programs running at once. Multiuser. Several users on the same machine at once. Two-user licenses are not possible. Multiplatform. Runs on many different CPUs, not just Intel. Multiprocessor. SMP support is available on the Intel and SPARC platforms (with work currently in progress on other platforms), and Linux is used in several loosely-coupled MP applications, including Beowulf systems and the Fujitsu AP1000+ SPARC-based supercomputer. Runs in protected mode on the 386. Memory protection between processes. So that one program can't bring the whole system down. Demand loads executables. Linux only reads from disk those parts of a program that are actually used. Shared copy-on-write pages among executables. This means that multiple process can use the same memory to run in. When one tries to write to that memory, that page (4KB piece of memory) is copied somewhere else. Copy-on-write has two benefits: increasing speed and decreasing memory use. Virtual memory using paging (not swapping whole processes) to disk. To a separate partition or a file in the filesystem, or both, with the possibility of adding more swapping areas during runtime. A total of 16 of these 128 MB swapping areas can be used at once, for a theoretical total of 2 GB of useable swap space. It is simple to increase this if necessary, by changing a few lines of source code. Unified memory pool for user programs and disk cache.

Prince Edward Island †Essay Essay

Executive Summary: Prince Edward Island Preserve manufactures and produced high- quality, high priced specialty food products. P.E.I.P.C. experienced rapid growth in its short history. In the first few years of its existence, founder Bruce MacNaughton expanded his company from one manufacturing and retail outlet in 1989, following a second retail outlet in 1991. The company also diversified and opened two restaurants in 1989 and 1990 respectively. It is anticipated that P.E.I.P.C. will continue to grow, with projected sales for the year ending January 1992, to reach one million dollars. In August 1991, MacNaughton, contemplated on future expansion. The two cities under consideration were in Toronto and Tokyo. Options under consideration include adding retail outlets in the aforementioned regions. Also under consideration is to increase wholesaling, and the use of distributors (hotel and airlines). Expanding the mail order business is also an alternative. Although MacNaughton has weighed some or all options to diversify P.E.I.P.C’s operations, it is unequivocally clear the company lacks clear vision, strategy goal and objective. MacNaughton’s business had been built on gut and emotion rather than analysis. However, this approach may prove to be insufficient for the future. It is difficult to execute a strategy if goals are not specific, can’t be described or understood. However, guided by the proper analysis of the external environment (SWOT), together with the firm-level analysis (VRINE Model), MacNaughton’s can improve P.E.I.P.C.’s long term competitive business position. Key Problems: This case highlights various strategic challenges MacNaughton face while contemplating expansion, and how to complete this objective successfully. The difficulty is to know when to close the gap between the firm’s aspiration and its current capabilities, resources and market position. The core issues identified in this case are: 1. Future Expansion 2. Product imitation 3. Product promotion – reluctance to explore the use wholesale and distribution networks 4. Financial Constrains– unable to secure suitable financing, experienced period of cash flow shortages 5. Managerial constrains 6. Seasonal Staff – inability to attract and retain quality staff due to the seasonal nature of the business Analysis and Evaluation: P.E.I.P.C.’s key resource is its geographic location. Prince Edward Island is most notable known for its pastoral beauty, slower pace of life, North Shore beaches and global image of Anne of Green Naples. Prince Edward Island’s well known reputation for the high quality of strawberries is the basis of P.E.I.P.C.’s marketing strategy and product differentiation. As the company grew, P.E.I.P.C. developed and achieved a diverse product line. This resource helped the company to establish a competitive advantage. In addition, P.E.I.P.C’s higher prices did not compete with low end products charges by competitors. However, this marketing strategy to differentiate their brand, introduced P.E.I.P.C to a variety of competitors. Another key resource is financing. Although previously listed as a core issue, the company has the ability to raise $100,000 of addition capital to finance future expansion by issuing preferred stock. P.E.I.P.C.’s manufacturing plant i s another key resource. Currently, P.E.I.P.C.’s production capacity is underutilized. The manufacturing plant operates five month a year, on a single, five days per week. Productivity levels can increase from fifty per cent to one hundred per cent by extending the hours of operation. Automating the bottling process could increase productivity substantially. The final key resource is its customers. Prince Edward Island and P.E.I.P.C. attracts thousands of tourists from over the globe. In additional to local marketing efforts, the reliance on tourists could increase P.E.I.P.C.’s global presence and raise consumer awareness of its products. A strategy must be formulated for the purpose of gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. MacNaughton should critically evaluate P.E.I.P.C’s performance measure for resources and capabilities by utilizing the VRINE model. The VRINE Model Value – A resource is valuable if it enables P.E.I.P.C to exploit opportunities to establish competitive advantage or negate threats. Japanese tourist comprises a large number of visitors to Prince Edward Island and Prince Edward Island Preserve, Co. outlets. The popularity of P.E.I and P.E.I.P.C’s products are well known to Japan. Essentially, the high level of spending by the Japanese, their fascination with P.E.I., traditions of gift giving and the amount of disposal income available to them, indicates that opportunities in Japan might be successful. Rarity – P.E.I.P.C can enjoy temporary competitive advantage, so long as the content of ingredients used to make its specialty preserves remain rare and scarce relative to it competitors. Inimitability/Non-substitutability – Other firms in P.E.I. has begun to retail specialty preserves in hopes to profit from P.E.I.P.C.’s success. Competitors might be able to imitate or substitute the value and resou rces quickly, at a low cost. Exploitability – With a solid vision, financial base, coupled clear strategy formulation and implementation of its objectives, P.E.I.P.C. can exploit their brand and products domestically and manufacture their products globally with the resources available. P.E.I.P.C can protect and increase competitive advantage by expanding its wholesaler and distribution network in Toronto. Initially, MacNaughton’s interest in Toronto was due to its size and local awareness of P.E.I. Successful expansion in Toronto can prove to be quite profitable for the company. Strategy planning for P.E.I.P.C. must also include a SWOT analysis in order to identify its internal and external factors that are favorable and/or unfavorable in achieving its objective. SWOT Analysis of Prince Edward Island Preserve Co. StrengthsWeakness Brand LoyaltySeasonal Business Structure Product DifferentiationAttract and Retain Quality Staff Local ReputationLimited Advertisement Broad Product MixCash Flow Shortages Ability to Raise Capital OpportunitiesThreats Expansion in Japan and TorontoProduct Imitation Extensive Distribution ChannelsVariety of Possible Substitutes Ability to meet Competitive PricingSupplier Power to Competitors Recommendations: P.E.I.P.C can also explore expanding its marketing reach in efforts to bring brand awareness through e-commerce and web based advertising. Additionally, plans should include hiring a sales and marketing team to assist in strengthening the company’s brand name and appeal. Emphasize on mail order sales by improving the quality of the catalogue and distribution reach. P.E.I.P.C. should consider automating the bottling process to increase production capacity and annual volume. The company should also analyze the profitability of large scale orders with wholesalers, hotels and airlines, and perhaps consider opportunities to expand in the U.S. Implementation: MacNaughton should take into consideration the use of additional key strategy formulation concepts such as, the strategy diamond, the five forces model off environment threats and the PESTEL model to help his firm establish and sustain competitive advantage.

Of Mice And Men Essays - Literature, American Literature, Fiction

Of Mice And Men Essays - Literature, American Literature, Fiction Of Mice And Men John Steinbeck John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, in 1902. He was raised in a fertile agricultural valley about twenty miles from the Pacific Coast. Both the valley and the coast would become the setting for some of his novels and short stories. In 1919 he attended Stanford University, where he took literature and writing classes. In 1925 he left the university. He did not attain a degree before his departure. For the next five years of Steinbecks life, he worked as a laborer and a journalist in New York City. Then he worked as a caretaker for an estate in Lake Tahoe. During these five years, he was also working on his first novel, Cup of Gold. He then got married and moved to Pacific Groove where he published his next two books, The Pastures of Heaven and To a God Unknown. He also worked on some of his famous short stories. He gained success and financial security with his book Tortilla Flat. This was full of stories about Montereys paisanos. In 1952, he published East of Eden, a story about the Salinas valley and Steinbecks own family history. The last decades of his life were spent in New York City and Sag harbor with his third wife. Throughout Steinbecks life he published twenty-five books. After his death in 1968, four more of his books were published. Six years before his death, John Steinbeck won a Noble Prize. Of Mice and Men The book Of Mice and Men is about the trials and tribulations of friendship. Throughout the book, George is continuously telling Lennie that if he were alone he could live so easy. When Lennie gives his answer of leaving, George instantly jumps down Lennies throat and reminds Lennie that he was jus foolin and wants Lennie to stay. The relationship these two characters posses is that of best friends who will be together until the end. Since George never wants Lennie to go off on his own he obviously cares. George gets Lennie out of numerous situations throughout the length of the book. When Lennie is accused of rape, George and him leave town together. When Curley picks a fight with Lennie, George is the one who convinces Lennie to get im. And finally when Lennie accidentally kills Curleys wife, George is the one who puts Lennie out of his misery in order to keep im [from] gettin lynched and to save Lennie from the consequences that would soon follow. The true trials of friendship become apparent throughout the book. It is evident that along with a true friendship comes many hardships. Lennie is Georges hardship, but George loves him regardless. In the book Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck uses his characters to create a theme of friendship overcoming all. Friends are willing to go to any lengths for each other, no matter the consequences. In the book, George puts his life on the line several times in order to save his companion, Lennie. When Lennie gets himself into trouble, is always right behind to save im. Even when George is forced to end Lennies life, he understands that he hadda in order to save Lennies soul. There is no step too large for a true friend to take for another friend. Steinbeck utilized the characters George and Lennie to achieve the theme of friends going to any length for each other. Lennie symbolizes the hardships of friendship. He has the mind of a child and requires someone quick like George to care for him. The relationship between these two men is referred to as that of a family. In this book, Steinbeck also uses his own unique style to create his theme. By the way he shows his characters interacting with one another, the theme becomes obvious. He displays George doing anything and everything he can for Lennie, even though he doesnt gain anything out of it. He also has the two characters speak the way the really would have had it been nonfiction. Steinbeck refers to George and Lennie wanting to live of da fatta the land. This phrase means that the characters were hoping for a life full of wealth and luxuries. He achieves an idea of the characters having high hopes for

Identity and Personal Attachments

Identity and Personal Attachments The formation of a person’s identify is shaped by various forces. Much attention is usually paid to his/her socio-economic environment. In particular, one can focus on the ethnic background of an individual, neighborhood, or class. However, it is important to speak about the role of attachments such as family or friends.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Identity and Personal Attachments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To a great extent, they play the role of mentors or trusted advisors whose opinion or values are respected by a person. Moreover, they eventually make independent choices which are based on their conceptions of ethics or rationality. These are the main aspects that can be identified. These questions have been examined in various works of literature and academic studies. The role of personal attachment to other people is illustrated in the short story The Lesson by Toni Bambara. The author throws light on the experiences of a black girl named Sylvia who lives in a poor neighborhood. The writer shows how the values and attitudes of a child can be shaped by various people who can play the role of mentors. At first, one can speak about Miss Moore’s attempts to educate children by teaching them mathematical skills (Bambara 46). She wants to make sure that children are willing to learn. To a great extent, she attempts to play the role of a mentor. However, Sylvia is more attached to the opinions and values of her best friend called Sugar. Sylvia is more likely to emulate the behavior of her friend. Only at the end of the story, it occurs to the protagonist that Miss Moore might have been right, and she attempts to think and act independently. In his short story Eveline, James Joyce also speaks about a woman who recollects the past events of her life. In particular, she thinks about the forces that prompt her to leave her family. In this case, much attention should be paid to the behavior of the protagonist’s father who often resorted to violence. The narrator says that he relied on â€Å"blackthorn stick† to teach children (Joyce unpaged). His behavior is the main reason why Eveline does not feel any attachment to him. He failed to become a role model or a mentor for her family. This is one of the main points that can be made. A very similar situation is described by Theodore Roethke in his poem My Papa’s Waltz. This author speaks about the child who is extremely disappointed with his father, especially his alcoholism (Roethke unpaged). These are some of the main aspects that should be considered. On the whole, one can say that literary works can throw light on the way in which the values of a person are shaped. The development of identity is closely examined by many scholars. For instance, Arielle Deutsch et al. examine the factors that can increase the risk of delinquency. The authors argue that the failure of parents to become role models for children lead to their affiliation with deviant peers (Deutsch et al. 71). One can say that some teenagers can become the mentors of their coevals.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The main problem is that this situation often leads to the deviant behavior of a child and his/her rejection of many values such as education or compliance with the law. This is one of the main risks that should be considered. This is why researchers focus on the practices of parents (Robinson et al. 73). On the whole, educators and psychologists pay close attention the formation of a child’s identity. They argue that children are more likely to be engaged in crime, if they observe it on a regular basis (Milner 119). Nevertheless, researchers also admit the role played by the so-called agents of socialization or people who shape the values of a person. Among these agen ts, one can distinguish parents, teachers, and peers (Berns 48). To a great extent, they can shape a child’s perception of the world and his/her treatment of other people. For instance, teenagers, who interact with deviant peers, may perceive drug abuse as something normal. Nevertheless, it is critical to remember that a person’s ethical choices are critical for his/her development. This issue is explored in the literary sources analyzed in this paper. They show that an individual can take decisions that do not coincide with the values of his/her parents or peers. This is one of the issues that should not be overlooked. Judging from my own experience, I can say that my parents and teachers were the main mentors in my life. They affected many of my values and priorities. To a great extent, I was able to resist the influence of peer pressure. Nevertheless, their influence became much weaker when I reached the age of adolescence. On the whole, this analysis suggests that a person’s attachments and his/her social environment are critical for his/her development. Various literary and academic sources indicate that an individual’s values and priorities are formed through the interaction with parents, teachers, or peers. However, the characters discussed in this paper suggest that these people can take independent decisions. Bambara, Toni. â€Å"The Lesson.† In Stitches: A Patchwork of Feminist Humor and  Satire. Ed.Gloria Kaufman. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. 44-49. Print. Berns, Roberta. Child, Family, School, Community: Socialization and Support, 9th  ed.: Socialization and Support, New York: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Identity and Personal Attachments specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Deutsch, Arielle, Lisa Crockett, Jennifer Wollf, and Stephen Russell. â€Å"Parent and Peer Pathways to Adolescent Delinque ncy: Variations by Ethnicity and Neighborhood Context.† Journal of Youth and Adolescence 41. 1 (2012): 1078-1094. Print. Joyce, James. Eveline. The Literature Network, n. d. Web. online-literature.com/james_joyce/959/ Milner, Richard. Culture, Curriculum, and Identity in Education, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Print. Robinson, Lara, Neil Boris, Sherryl Heller, Janet Ryce, Charles Zeanah. â€Å"The Good Enough Home? Home Environment and Outcomes of Young Maltreated Children.† Child Youth Care Forum, 41.3 (2012): 73-78. Print. Roethke, Thomas. My Papas Waltz. PoemHunter. 3 Jan. 2003. Web.. https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/my-papa-s-waltz/.

Create a moral compass for characters of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Article

Create a moral compass for characters of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz - Article Example Max is an experienced man who is described as a real good teacher, and his pieces of advice are useful for Duddy. Simcha is, perhaps, the most positive character in the story, as his good intentions toward Duddy’s success characterize him as more related to goodness. Benjy and Ida are related more to evil, as their attitude to life was complicated by their childlessness. Mr. MacPherson is relevant to goodness as he tried to teach through pure knowledge and personal example rather than through corporal punishment. Hersh positions himself as a positive character struggling for peace and harmony. Jerry Dingleman is a negative character as he is tied up to the criminal and drug-smuggling activity along with other lawless activities. Mr. Cohen is driven by immoral virtues in life, as the main target for taking off. Mr. Calder is a man spoilt by his richness; he loses the idea of humane due to that fact. Being an owner of a hotel, Rubin is driven by positive intentions and virtues o f his soul. Irwin is definitely driven by negative virtues as he cheats Duddy and sees no other way to grow rich than to betray and let people down. Cuckoo has good traits of character and aims himself at working and living in peace and harmony. Linda is spoiled and she is really bad in her moral compass as she always tries to make a dirty trick to her friends.

Mini-Project (fourth) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mini-Project (fourth) - Essay Example A focus is given to scheduling. This is illustrated with a sample precedence diagram. Design related changes that led to delays and extra costs could easily have been avoided through careful planning and allowing for some changes before implementing the physical carrying out of the project. The major changes that caused setbacks were as follows: The production line control software had to be mostly rewritten after â€Å"Miles Faster jumped at the opportunity to get involved and decided to change the production train specification to increase capacity.† Dispute resolution – Leadbetter was loathe to discuss the documents on the specifications of the mechanical equipment with Ivar Kontrak and instead dealt directly with Amos Dent of Tinknockers Associates. Regulations – â€Å"Neither Moneysworth nor Leadbetter was conscious of the need for any review and approval procedures for specifications and shop drawings submitted directly by either S&P or by Eddie Forgot of Piecemeal Corporation, the suppliers of the production train.† (case study) Lack of coordination – Spencer Moneysworth was responsible for the project but many of the efforts of others were uncoordinated. For example, between the foundation layers of the building and the catalogue describers and specifiers. Quality became an issue for example when Leadbetter knew that the specifications for the mechanical equipment for the dust-free paint shop governed the quality of equipment, workmanship and performance. Similarly is the case with meeting the environmental safety standards. The delivery schedule slipped two weeks due to the manufacturing drawings for the critical long-lead equipment sitting in a junior clerk’s in-tray awaiting approval. This also contributed â€Å"to a later construction schedule conflict in tying-in the new services.† Objectives should be clearly defined so that it is also clear how well the project is progressing. Additionally, requirements should be